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Following the Footsteps of PSD2, Turkey Adopts Long-Waited Secondary Legislation on Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions
1. Introduction The Regulation on Payment Services and Electronic Money Issuance and Payment Service Providers (“Regulation”) and the Communiqué on Information Systems of... [Read More]
The Required Evidence Regarding Proof of Use in Trademark Matters
With the introduction of the Industrial Property Law (“IPL”), the “proof of use” practice, which is applied in EUIPO and many countries, came... [Read More]
Turkish Vertical Block Exemption Regime Mirrored EU: A New Market Share Threshold
In accordance with Communiqué No. 2021/4 Amending the Block Exemption Communiqué on Vertical Agreements (“Amendments Communiqué”) published in the Official Gazette on 5... [Read More]
Industry 4.0 and a Need to Adopt a New Approach to Trademark Classification
In Turkey, and perhaps elsewhere, today’s technological revolution has made it harder for businesses to register and enforce trademarks because changing technology has... [Read More]
Can Artificial Intelligence be an Inventor? Different Countries Reach Different Conclusions
Artificial intelligence (“AI”) technology and its applications across various sectors of the economy are growing exponentially. As AI advances, one of the important,... [Read More]
Understanding the Doctrine of Exhaustion in the Context of Trademark Rights in Turkey
As the global economy grows, technology expands, and the sale of electronic goods increases, principles of exhaustion rights relating to trademarks are becoming... [Read More]
A significant step forward towards time and cost-effective arbitration: UNCITRAL adopted its 2021 Expedited Arbitration Rules
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (“UNCITRAL“) plays a significant role in harmonizing and modernizing the rules on international trade through... [Read More]
Ambush Marketing
As advertising has evolved, sponsorship has become an important tool – and that in turn has led to the growth of ambush marketing.... [Read More]
GIR 2021 – Blowing the Whistle in Turkey: A Policy Analysis in Light of the New EU Whistleblower Directive
1. Overview of the Whistleblowing Landscape Internal investigations, whistleblowing and external monitoring are the three key pillars in preventing and combating corruption and... [Read More]
Recent Regulatory Developments Effecting E-Scooter Businesses In Turkey
We have previously discussed in our article titled “Turkey Moves To Regulate Electric Scooters” the trends and developments in micro-mobility market and the... [Read More]
A Sneak Peek to NFTs: An overview on their use and legal qualification under Turkish Law
Non-fungible tokens (“NFT”s) have taken internet by storm after the sale of a JPEG image in NFT format for 69.4 million USD on... [Read More]
DataGuidance – Data Protection in the Financial Sector
INTRODUCTION Turkey’s first legislation addressing personal data protection was enacted on April 4th, 2016. Turkish Data Protection Law numbered 6698 (“DP Law”) outlines... [Read More]