News and Publications

Pursuant to Article 397 of the Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6102 (“TCC”), companies subject to independent audit within the scope of TCC are determined by the President. In this context, the Presidential Decree No. 8313, published in the Official […]

Legal due diligence (“DD”) is an essential part of M&A process. Legal DDs help the parties in various phases of an M&A process, including; identifying the risks and provide an idea on the legal status of the target company, […]

According to the Presidential Decree, the minimum capital amounts for joint stock and limited liability companies have been increased. The Presidential Decree (“Decree”) numbered 7887 on Increasing the Minimum Share Capital Amount for Joint Stock and Limited Liability Companies […]

The Turkish Food Codex Regulation on Contaminants (“Regulation“) is introduced in the Official Gazette dated 5 November 2023 and numbered 32360. The Regulation which has been prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (“Ministry”) in compliance with the […]

I. Introduction Due to the growth and development of the entrepreneurship ecosystem and the evolving needs of investors and entrepreneurs, the necessity to develop solutions has become inevitable. In the United States, the utilization of SAFE (Simple Agreement for […]

Employee stock option plans (“ESOP”) have found an intensive and diverse practice in the United States of America (“USA“), especially in the 1970s, with plans designed particularly for employees, known as ESOPs. With the global acceleration of technology and […]

The Regulation on Consumer Arbitration Committees published in Official Gazette dated 21 September 2022 and numbered 31960 (“Regulation”) repealed the former regulation (“Abrogated Regulation”). In this way, the working procedures and principles of the consumer arbitration committees, as well […]

The Communiqué (“Communiqué”) published by the Revenue Administration of the Ministry of Treasury and Finance in Official Gazette dated 26 July 2022 and numbered 31904 has brought several amendments to the Communiqué on the general application of Special Consumption […]

The Grand General Assembly on the Unification of Judgements of Supreme Court (“Grand General Assembly”) evaluated a request for unification of the judgements on whether it can be proven with other evidence that the check is transferred with indorsement […]

The Constitutional Court ruled that the applicant’s property right was violated due to the fact that the final court decision regarding registration of a property was not executed based on existence of an interim injunction placed on the property […]